Command-line upgrade

You can upgrade Magento from the command line if you installed the software using any of the following:

• Downloaded the metapackage using composer create-project
• Installed the compressed archive

Prerequisite: pub directory root

This section applies to you only if you set the Magento root directory to <magento_root>/pub. If you did not do this, skip this section and continue with the next section.

If you use pub/ as your Magento root directory:

• For the upgrade, create another subdomain or docroot that uses the Magento installation directory as its root.

  Run the System Upgrade utility using that subdomain.

• Use the following procedure to upgrade Magento using the command line.

Put your store in maintenance mode

To prevent access to your store while it’s being upgraded, put your store in maintenance mode.

You can optionally create a custom maintenance mode page.

To enable maintenance mode:

1. Log in to your Magento server as, or switch to, the Magento file system owner.

2. Enable maintenance mode:

   1
   bin/magento maintenance:enable
   

   For additional options, see Enable or disable maintenance mode.

Upgrade using the command line

1. Log in to your Magento server as, or switch to, the Magento file system owner.

2. Change to the directory in which you installed the Magento software. For example,

   1
   cd /var/www/html/magento2
   

3. Require the Magento package using Composer and update the dependencies:

   1
   composer require <product> <version> --no-update
   

   1
   composer update
   

   For example, to upgrade to Magento Open Source version 2.1.13, enter:

   1
   composer require magento/product-community-edition 2.1.13 --no-update
   

   1
   composer update
   

   To upgrade to Magento Commerce version 2.1.13, enter:

   1
   composer require magento/product-enterprise-edition 2.1.13 --no-update
   

   1
   composer update
   

4. If prompted, enter your authentication keys.

5. Clean the Magento cache:

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   bin/magento cache:clean
   

6. Manually clear var subdirectories:

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   rm -rf <magento_root>/var/cache/*
   

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   rm -rf <magento_root>/var/page_cache/*
   

   1
   rm -rf <magento_root>/var/generation/*
   

   If you use a cache storage other than filesystem (e.g., Redis, Memcached, etc.) you need to manually clear the cache there too.

7. Update the database schema and data:

   1
    bin/magento setup:upgrade
   

8. Put your storefront online (that is, cancel maintenance mode):

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   bin/magento maintenance:disable
   

9. Restart Varnish if you use it for page caching.

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   service varnish restart
   

10. Access your storefront.

    The following error might display:

    1
    We're sorry, an error has occurred while generating this email.
    

    If so, perform the following tasks:

    1. Reset file system ownership and permissions as a user with root privileges.
    2. Clear the following directories and try again:
       • <magento_root>/var/cache
       • <magento_root>/var/page_cache
       • <magento_root>/var/generation