Create a test in the Functional Testing Framework
The FTF helps to create a new test, you can extend an out-of-the-box test, or create a completely new test.
Extend an out-of-the-box test
You can extend a test by adding or replacing a test entity. Test entities for the module are stored in the <magento2_root_dir>/dev/tests/functional/tests/app/Magento/<testing_module> directory.
Usage
This approach is useful when the Magento functionality was extended. For example, the minor changes were made in the existing functionality of a module. Also you can extend an out-of-the-box test to extend the current test coverage if the target functionality is not completely covered by the out-of-the-box test.
Example use cases:
Create a functional test
If new modules are added to Magento you would need to create a new test to check the functionality.
New test must be stored in the corresponding module <magento2_root_dir>/dev/tests/functional/tests/app/Magento/<testing_module>.
Each test consists of four main components: a test object, test data, a test flow, a test assertion.
Test object
A test object is an object that you are going to test. Most of the test actions are performed under this object. The test object is represented by a fixture. The fixture defines properties of an object.
Test data
There are two types of test data:
- Data for the test, stored in a data set.
- Preconditions:
- Sample data that is stored in a fixture repository. In a data set, it is stored as a name of the fixture repository.
- A sample test entity that can be created by a handler.
Test flow
A test flow is a set of test steps that you want to perform under the test object to check required functionality. Test steps are defined in a test case. Usually, a test step contains a set of actions. Each action is managed by a method defined in a block. A page is a container for blocks. It stores selectors to identify blocks on an HTML page.
Test assertions
A test assertion compares the test flow results with the expected ones. Test assertions are represented by constraints.